Adsorbents, mobile phases, and strategies for the chromatographic separation of betulinic, oleanolic, and ursolic acids

Abstract A critical overview of the separation three relevant triterpenic acids, namely betulinic, oleanolic, and ursolic by liquid supercritical fluid chromatography is presented in this review. These acids are commonly found different biomass residues have raised great research attention recent years due to their broad valuable therapeutic properties. Accordingly, fundamental aspects such as solubilities single mixed solvents, commercial stationary phases (octadecylsilyl other bonded like triacontylsilyl, well porous graphitic columns), custom adsorbents (molecularly imprinted polymers polymeric adsorbents), mobile (conventional HPLC solvents super/subcritical fluids), mobile-phase modifiers (acidic, basic, cyclodextrins), pre-column derivatization strategies, influence temperature been compiled, analyzed thoroughly discussed terms (calculated) selectivities, peaks resolution, orders elution, systems descriptors, etc. The most achievements gaps area highlighted, together with a final comparison performance chromatographic reported literature.